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The 16th Century B.C.
Studies of flow-properties of materials were made
in this century. In the middle of the 16th century B.C., the way in which
water changes its viscosity with changing temperature would seem to have
influenced the construction of a water-clock made by Amenemhet.
1616
William Harvey deduces that the blood must circulate in a closed
loop by estimating cardiac output.
1676
Quantitative rheology owes its origin to Robert Hooke who published
his law of elasticity "ut tensiosic vis" in anagram form.
1686
The observation of circulation of blood in capillary vessels of
the lung by Marcello Malpighi.
1687
Isaac Newton who, in his "Principia" impicit defined "lack
of slipperiness" (viscosity) as the constant ratio of force to rate
of flow.
1774
Streaming in plant cells was first observed by Corti.
1840's
In early accounts of studies of biorheological phenomena, Jean-Leonard-Marie
Poiseuille first studied the flow of a non-biological simple fluid, such as water
in small glass capillaries, after he made his hemorheological observations of
the very complex microcirculation in animals. He made his in vivo studies on
the circulation in the capillary vessels, which led to the application of the
rheological treatments to the flow of blood. His experimental studies led to
what is well known as "Poiseuille Law".
1921
Robin Fahraeus published 70 pages of excellent historical review of blood.
1929
The American Society of Rheology was foiunded by E.C.Bingham and his friends.
The name "rheology" was first given to the science of the
flow and deformation of matter.
1948
The first international congress on Rheology was held in Scheveningen, Holland.
The term "Biorheology", to apply to the rheology of living systems
or materials directly derived from living systems, was first proposed by A.L.Copley
at the first International Congress on Rheology.
1950
A symposium on Rheological Problems in Biorheology was held at Lund in Sweden
and dealt with different feilds of animal, plant and cellular biorheology.
1952
An account of a Symposium on Rheological Problems in Biorheology published
as an appendix to the first book specifically devoted to biorheology, edited
by A. Frey-Wyssling (N.Holland Publ. Co.).
1953
The 2nd International Congress on Rheology was held in Oxford, England.
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